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Learn Turkish

Learn Turkish suffix by suffix, with sounds and grammar that follow clear rules.

Free to start. Built from a single prompt. No credit card.

Turkish builds long words by stacking suffixes onto a root: evlerimizden means "from our houses" (ev, house, plus -ler, -imiz, -den). Those suffixes follow vowel harmony, changing their vowels to match the word, so learning the rule once unlocks thousands of forms. The Latin alphabet adopted in 1928 is phonetic and includes ç, ş, ğ, ö, ü and a dotless ı. Turkish has no grammatical gender, puts the verb at the end, and has very few irregular forms. Learnr builds a personalized Turkish course from a single prompt and teaches it in short lessons.

How to learn Turkish, step by step

Learn the alphabet and its special letters. Turkish spelling is phonetic: c sounds like j, ç like ch and ş like sh. The dotless ı is a vowel made with unrounded lips, and ğ usually lengthens the vowel before it, as in dağ (mountain).
Master vowel harmony first. Two-way suffixes alternate between e and a (evler, kitaplar), and four-way suffixes alternate between i, ı, ü and u (evim, kızım, gözüm, okulum). Practice adding suffixes to many words until you choose the vowel without thinking.
Get used to verb-final sentences. Turkish word order is subject, object, verb: Ben çay içiyorum (I am drinking tea). Subject pronouns are usually dropped because the verb ending shows the person.
Learn the cases as suffixes. Learn the locative -de (evde, at home), dative -e (eve, to home), ablative -den (evden, from home), plus accusative and genitive. Consonants at suffix boundaries can soften or harden, as in kitap becoming kitabı.
Build tenses one suffix at a time. Start with the present continuous -iyor, then the past -di and future -ecek. Later add the -miş past, which signals that you heard or inferred something rather than saw it. Short daily Learnr drills make these endings automatic.
Practice reading suffix chains aloud. Take longer words apart: gelemiyorum is gel (come), -eme (cannot), -iyor (present) and -um (I). Splitting words this way makes fast speech and reading much easier to follow.

What you'll learn

Read and pronounce Turkish, including ı, ğ, ö, ü, ç and ş
Apply two-way and four-way vowel harmony to suffixes
Use the six cases for location, direction and objects
Form present, past and future verbs with personal endings
Hold everyday conversations about yourself, shopping and travel

What's inside your Turkish course

A sample path Learnr builds for Turkish. Your real course adapts to your goal and level.

1. The Turkish alphabet and sounds
2. Greetings, introductions and polite phrases
3. Vowel harmony and plural suffixes
4. Cases and verb-final sentences
5. Present, past and future tenses
6. Everyday conversations and listening

How long does it take to learn Turkish?

Turkish vocabulary is unfamiliar to English speakers, and its word order is reversed, so it takes longer than Spanish or French. Basic conversations usually come after about a year of daily study, with comfortable fluency after a few years of practice.

What you need before you start

No prior language is needed. Knowing what a suffix, subject and object are will help, since Turkish grammar is built from them.

Common mistakes to avoid

Ignoring vowel harmony and attaching suffixes with the wrong vowel, which makes words sound clearly off; drill the two-way and four-way patterns.
Confusing ı with i, or I with İ, which are separate letters with different sounds.
Keeping English word order and putting the verb in the middle of the sentence instead of at the end.

How Learnr builds your course

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Turkish questions, answered

Is Turkish grammar hard?

Turkish grammar is very different from English but highly regular. There is no gender and very few irregular verbs. Once vowel harmony and the main suffixes click, you can build many words on your own.

Does Turkish use the Arabic script?

Not anymore. Turkish was written in a Perso-Arabic script during the Ottoman era and switched to a Latin-based alphabet in 1928. Modern Turkish is written entirely in Latin letters.